Essay on “The Storm” - 597 Words

â€Å"The Storm† In the short story â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin, there are two storms that are actually taking place here. This story is mainly focused on the lost love of old lovers, but there are a lot of hidden meanings in the story told behind the characters and their surroundings and how throughout the story â€Å"the storm† is being symbolized. The first storm, which is takes place on the outside with the natural world which is consisted of heavy rain, thundering, and gusts of wind that accompanies it, the second storm which is a storm between two old lovers that rekindle a passionate romance, with the storm raging outside, which leads to adultery for both of the married characters Calixta and Alcee. In this case rekindling the love for one†¦show more content†¦Wrapped up in all her housework Calixta doesn’t even notice the fact of the storm starting to begin. She then realizes it and hurries to shut all the windows and grab the clothes from outside. While doi ng that she notices Alcee, and he asks for shelter just until the storm passes them. While her husband and son are trapped in town by the storm, she stands alone with this man in her home, and with the heavy storm growing minute by minute reaching its highest peak so do Claxita and Alcee’s passion for one another. â€Å" The rain beat softly upon the shingles, inviting them to drowsiness and sleep, but they dared not,† at this point Calixta beings to think what if her husband and son were on their way home and what a â€Å"storm† that would be for her husband to find them too laying together in the arms of each other. But instead of regretting the act they committed they both feel a sense of renewal, â€Å"So the storm passes and everyone was happy†. Though Claxita’s feelings should be overwhelming to know she just cheated on her husband, she dare not tell, and â€Å"As Alcee leaves, he turns and smiles, and Claxita laughs out loud; her passion is seen to be natural, experienced without guilt or shame†. Furthermore, Claxita and Alcee said their goodbyes, and the husband comes home to a worried free wife with supper ready on the table. In the end everyone seems happy, Claxita is more loving andShow MoreRelatedThe Storm Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pageswords to describe our exultation. We watched the sky in awe as clouds rolled by. Just then, Daniel, who was naturally anxious about practically everything, spotted a group of storm clouds approaching menacingly towards our position. Stop being so worried, its just some minor storm clouds, theyll pass, I said trying to comfort him. He was a fantastic climber and companion, but easily traumatised. The clouds did look slightly perilous, and my slight trepidationRead More The Storm Essay723 Words   |  3 Pages The Storm The title of this story suggests a metaphorical connection between the storm outside and the storm of emotions going on in the individuals Calixta and Alcee. The intensity of their sexual act inside the house follows the pattern of the storm outside. Their passion climaxes and diminishes with the storm. They are left replenished and fresh just like nature. The storm outside had been brewing for some time, just as it had been brewing between Calixta and Alcee. They tried to deter theRead MoreEssay on A Storm of Emotion in Kate Chopins The Storm817 Words   |  4 PagesThe Storm of Emotion Usually a storm creeps upon us, hits a luminous climax, and then fades away into nothingness.   In The Storm, Kate Chopin develops a parallel between a rainstorm and an emotional storm in a woman’s life.   Chopin uses symbolism to depict the feelings of relationships that are as unpredictable as that of a raging storm.   Ã‚  Ã‚   In the time frame that this story is set, many major life decisions things are made taking into account one’s duty to family - including theRead MoreEssay The Storms of Villette1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe Storms of Villette      Ã‚   In Charlotte Brontà «s novel, Villette, Brontà « strategically uses the brutality and magnitude of   thunder storms to propel her narrator, Lucy Snowe, into unchartered social territories of friendship and love. In her most devious act, the fate of Lucy and M. Paul is clouded at the end of the novel by an ominous and malicious storm. By examining Brontà «s manipulation of two earlier storms which echo the scope and foreboding of this last storm -- the storm Lucy encountersRead MoreThe Storm By Kate Chopin1205 Words   |  5 Pagesmain character, Calixta, is interrelated with the setting of the story, â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin. In â€Å"The Storm†, setting plays the role as a catalyst that ignites Alcee’s and Calixta’s passion that then runs parallel with the storm. As their relationship builds together, Calixta’s natural desires become fulfilled; which without an outlet on the ability to express our emotions and natural desires, conflicts and storms result in our lives. In the beginning of the story, Calixta is very much intoRead MoreThe Two Storms in Kate Chopin’s story â€Å"The Storm Essay613 Words   |  3 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s story â€Å"The Storm† it talks about love and lust. It speaks of two kind of storm that occurs. These two storms I find to be the central part of the story, and is being represented as a symbol within the story. The first storm is the most obvious one that Bibi and Bobinot are faced with. The second storm isn’t that visible for it involves Calixta and Alcee. Just as like most storms they come and pass. As the story begins we find Bibi and Bobinot on their way home. They wereRead MoreHurricanes : A Tropical Storm1373 Words   |  6 PagesHurricanes A hurricane is a low pressure system that is classified as a tropical storm with winds exceeding 74 mph. Hurricanes are found in the Atlantic Ocean; however, they are also found in other places but are classified under different names. In the northern Indian Ocean and in the Bay of Bengal these tropical storms are referred to as cyclones; yet, in the western Pacific Ocean these tropical storms are classified as typhoons. However, the hurricanes that impact the United States coast theRead MoreThe Storm by Kate Chopin1332 Words   |  6 Pages The first thing I noticed about Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Storm,† is that it is utterly dripping with sexual imagery and symbolism. Our heroine, if you will, seems to be a woman with normally restrained passions and a well-defined sense of propriety, who finds herself in a situation that tears down her restraint and reveals the vixen within. I wonder if it was intentional that the name Calixta makes me think of Calypso – th e nymph from Greek mythology. If half of the sexual symbolism I found in thisRead MoreThe Storm, Theodore Roethke1336 Words   |  6 PagesRoethke, deals with an aggressive storm and all its effects on the environment: the surrounding nature and the people experiencing it. The storm is described in a disorganized manner to highlight the big chaos the storm causes. Nature is precisely illustrated, because it reacts on the storm and thus is an important factor for the description of the storm. The people simply give an extra dimension to the poem, and the theme of men versus nature in the form of a storm. As the title tells us, theRead MoreFeminine Sexuality in The Storm725 Words   |  3 PagesThe Storm; describes an encounter of infidelity between two lovers during a brief thunderstorm. The story alludes to the controversial topic of womens sexuality and passion, which during Chopins time no one spoke about much less wrote about. So controversial was The Storm,; that it was not published until after her death in eighteen ninety-nine. The story is broken up into five sections, each filled with small clues and hints that reflect her message. In short, Kate Chopins The Storm; is

Research Computer and Video Games Free Essays

Chapter Two Abstract This research paper explores published articles that report on results from research conducted on how portable electronic communication gadgets affect a student’s study habit. The articles, however, may vary in their own point of view regarding the effects on the students. According to A. We will write a custom essay sample on Research: Computer and Video Games or any similar topic only for you Order Now Saez (2011), it was pointed out that technology is an integral part of our day-to-day lives. Other articles included in this paper elaborated positive and negative effects of gadgets. According to Admin (2011), electronic gadget devices can have positive and negative effects on youth. Also, According to Jessy Norman (2009), computers and other related technologies have become an enormous part of our daily lives. They have altered our sense of people, space, and time. shadow66 (2006) has pointed it out that the main problem is the proper use of this gadgets or the knowledge that are easy to be accessed. Introduction Electronic Communication gadgets are essential to society and to people’s everyday lives. These gadgets have benefits but as well as drawbacks. Take modern technology as an example to elaborate. According to shadow66 (2006) Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Technology; Technology can be defined as science applied to practical purposes. Nowadays, when the rapidness of development and research is so impressive, it is easy to think about the advantages of modern technology. On the minus side, there is weaponry which is the inseparable issue of the new technologies. Hence, the main problem is the proper use of this knowledge. Nevertheless, weapon engineering propels and provides a huge advance also the industry despite highly developed machinery pollutes the globe. According to Admin (2011) What is the Effect of Electronic Gadgets on Youth? ; Electronic gadget devices can have positive and negative effects on youth. According to the National Institute on Media and the Family, video games can help children practice following directions and problem solving, and refine motor and spatial skills. Negative effects include social isolation, aggressive behavior, violence, confusing reality and fantasy, and poor grades. Signs of possible psychological addiction to computer or video game use among youth an include worsening school grades; choosing the computer or video games over family, friends or social activities; or restlessness and irritability when not playing a video game or on the computer. Signs of possible psychological addiction to computer or video game use among youth can include worsening school grades; choosing the computer or video games over family, friends or social activities; or restlessness and irritability when not playing a video g ame or on the computer. According to Australia’s media network ABC, Monash University’s research shows that children who sent text messages were faster on some tests, but also less accurate. In a NetWorkWorld article, Text Message Language Won’t Affect Kids Spelling, Canada’s University of Alberta said that boys who used emphasized â€Å"text speak† were on average worse spellers, while girls who largely abbreviated were better spellers. A 2007 Pew Internet American Life Project study revealed that strangers contacted 43 percent of social-networking teens online; 31 percent of social-networking teenagers have online â€Å"friends† they have never personally met. According to Jessy Norman (2009) Bad Effects of Technology; Computers and other related technologies have become an enormous part of our daily lives. They have altered our sense of people, space, and time. From our living rooms, we can now talk to people, and watch events unfold in far-off places. Shopping, banking, and game playing are just a few of the other daily activities that have also changed. So many aspects of the ways we communicate and handle information have been altered by technological development. Cellular phones, answering machines, voice mail, fax machines, cable televisions, computer networks, satellite communications and e-mail are only some recent changes. Other manifestations of this change would be the location of where it is happening. Yes, it is everywhere, including the classrooms for the use of educating children. Technology is now becoming more popular in the presence of classrooms all around the world. Tomorrow’s future is in the hands of today’s students. According to Angel Lucifer (2009) What Are The Negative And Positive Effects Of Advance Technologies, Like The Internet, To Student’s Performance? ; One of the most compelling arguments made against the use of omputers by children is the risk of repetitive motion injury such as carpal tunnel syndrome. This problem may be greater for children than for adults because their musculature and skeletal systems are not fully formed and may be at greater risk for injury. Children’s risk of suffering repetitive motion injuries may be further increased because they tend to use computers that are sized for adults, placed on adult-sized furniture, and positione d for an adult user. Another possible risk of using computers is eye-strain, which may include dryness due to not blinking enough, headaches, and blurry vision. To reduce this risk, it is important to limit the time spent staring at the screen; take frequent breaks, making sure to focus the eyes on distant objects; and blink frequently. It is also important to position the monitor sixteen to twenty-seven inches away and in a way that ensures that the user views it at a slightly downward angle. Following some highly publicized events in Japan, it has been suggested that there may be a risk of seizure for children playing video games containing bright flashing lights. Many video games include an elementary school student uses a computer in the school library while another students looks on. The ease and facility with which children use computers comes from the ability children have for assimilating tools in their environment for their personal use. (O’Brien Productions/Corbis) a warning to this effect in their documentation. Fortunately, very few children are susceptible to this condition. For those who are, however, this is potentially a very serious situation. According to Alex Saez (2011) Bad Effects of Electronic Gadgets; Technology is an integral part of our day-to-day lives. People all over the world rely on it for things like communication, organization and employment. Not a day goes by when you don’t encounter someone talking on his cell phone, tapping away on a laptop or listening to an MP3 player. While this technology is impressive, there are certain drawbacks in areas like health, public safety and education that should be addressed. Being aware of these dangers can help diminish or reverse these drawbacks. According to the website Healthy Hearing, one-third of teenagers own an MP3 player, such as an iPod. Dr. Craig Kasper, Director of Audiology at the New York Otolaryngology Group, warns that these devices can cause ear damage if used improperly. If the volume is too high or if the individual listens for a long time, hearing damage can happen. Also, ear buds are more dangerous than regular headphones. Healthy Hearing recommends that listeners keep the volume below 70 percent and limit listening time to between 60 and 90 minutes. If you want to listen indefinitely, turn the volume down to 50 percent. Text slang, such as â€Å"ur† instead of â€Å"you’re† is commonly used through cell phone texting. However, a recent study shows that kids and teens are actually letting these obscure abbreviations seep into their normal writing. A recent study by Pew Internet in 2008 revealed that 50 percent of students use informal slang in their assignments. Furthermore, 38 percent admit they have used abbreviations in their schoolwork like â€Å"LOL†, which stands for â€Å"laugh out loud†. Additionally, 25 percent say that they use emoticons such as â€Å"smiley faces† in formal writing. The problem has become so apparent that some U. S. politicians are concerned that the English language and sentence structure is being twisted, negatively affecting students’ learning. Electronic gadgets are now very essential to our society today. We need electronic gadgets to do business, to have some recreation and help us get through our daily lives. For better or worse, technology has a significant influence on the study habits of students. In many ways, such as with computers, researching and fact gathering is made easier. However, whether you are a student, a teacher or a parent, you have probably found that the vice is often wrapped in the virtue, and that the same things that are beneficial can also prove to be distracting. References Admin, (2011). Electronic gadget devices result to positive and negative effects on youth. What is the Effect of Electronic Gadgets on Youth? Lucifer, A. (2009). Use of computers by children is the risk of repetitive motion injury. What Are The Negative and Positive Effects of Advance Technologies to Student’s Performance? Norman, J. (2009). Computers and other related technologies have become an enormous part of our daily lives. Bad Effects of Technology. Saez, A. (2011). People all over the world rely on it for things like communication, organization and employment. Bad Effects of Electronic Gadgets. Shadow66, (2006). Technology can be defined as science applied to practical purposes. Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Technology. How to cite Research: Computer and Video Games, Essays

Impact of Culture and Religious Diversity - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theImpact of Culture, Language and Religious Diversity. Answer: Research shows that children achieve positive learning outcomes when their abilities, diverse strengths and cultural practices are understood and supported. Respecting and valuing diversity in terms of culture, religion, social class and language is vital for the children to develop a strong sense of identity. The principles of diversity and equity are closely linked to the aspect of childrens development of a strong sense of identity and wellbeing. The learning providers are supposed to engage learners in a manner that values their identity to boost their self-esteem and communication abilities (Taylor Sobel, 2001). It also enhances their understanding of various learning processes. Teaching practice requires the need to identify and respond to the individual interests, abilities and strengths of the learners. In addition, the teachers are supposed to engage pedagogical teaching practices that do not create a disadvantage to a learner on account of their social class, religious di versity, culture or language. Social justice perspectives in teaching practice Social justice stands for the idea of existence of a just relationship between the society and an individual. Factors such as wealth distribution, social privileges as well as personal activity opportunities determine the presence of social justice in a society (Marton, 2018). In teaching practices, teachers should work with students so that issues such as global citizenship, human rights and social justice can be addressed. It is upon the teacher to employ effective teaching techniques to ensure learners understand various topics. Apart from teaching, the teachers can ascertain the impact of their teaching techniques through observing the learning outcomes (Parkay, Stanford, Gougeon, 2010). All these processes must be cognizant of the socio-economic diversity of the learners to enhance equality in the learning process. Thus the teachers should do a background check on the socio-economic status of the respective learners and limit their teaching practice to aspects of learning. The socio-cultural theory states that the learning processes are constructed and actively conveyed through social experiences (Causey, Thomas, Armento, 2000). In that regard, literacy can be termed as a social interaction and a historical construction that keeps on evolving in accordance to environmental evolution. Therefore, literacy has a wider scope than a having superficial contacts with the print. It is a comprehension of how to manipulate concepts and words as well as the daily social interactions. In order to instill elements of social justice in the learning processes, the curriculums are designed in a manner that acknowledges a core set of shared values in a pluralist society (Hollins Guzman, 2005). A teacher is therefore supposed to purse this objective by investigating the barriers to students learning outcomes and employing the teaching and assessment strategies fairly to avoid profiling any student on account of their socio-economic level. By that doing, they are dee med to have served social justice in their teaching practice. Culture Culture plays an important role in defining an individual. Thus, human beings cannot be independent of their culture and society. The basic aspects of human cognitive development depends on the how an individual was raised including the language and culture. Culture refers to the way individual groups of people organize their lives within urban or rural neighborhoods, national or ethnic groups as well as in organizations and professions (Wright 2017). The culture increases the way we view and understand the world as well as how we communicate with each other. In that regard, culture determines the teaching and learning styles. It is incumbent upon the educators to acknowledge the fact that leaders are not always the same. Despite that, is a matter of public knowledge that educators treat all the learners in an equal manner despite the fact that there is cultural diversity from within? Addressing the cultural differences in the learning processes is both important and controversial be cause there is an increase in diverse population of students who attend educative programs (Bryan, 2002). Teachers must stay at the forefront in advocating the equity in the learning processes and avoid stereotyping any particular student on account their cultural background. Culture can be used to instill elements of identity and self-confidence among the learners. Their culture contributes largely to their behavior and beliefs and a n educator who acknowledges the cultural diversity of his/her students, stand a better chance to receive maximum cooperation from the students in the learning processes and possibly record a high number of favorable learning outcomes (Bryan 2002). After understanding the cultural norms of every student the educator has an obligation of honoring the cultural aspects of every member of that particular class Language Language is important aspect in communication in learning and teaching practices. Educators are supposed to use a unifying language that is fairly understood by all the participants in a learning set up. Any language that is aimed at targeting a certain group of people while excluding others cannot be considered as a unifying language (Bryan, 2002). Educators must strive to ensure there is equal distribution. Teachers must dis associate with terms and quotes that appear derogatory to any groups in their teaching practice For a teaching practice to address issue of equity and diversity, it must be conducted in a manner that improves the welfare of not only learners, but also the experiences of the educators (De Troyer, Broeckhoven, F., 2017). By embracing common language in the teaching practice as well as understanding the individual and collective learning needs of the students in order to address them in the teaching practice. Similarly, honoring the individual cultural aspects of the learners and engaging them on many issues regarding their life is an important aspect of embracing diversity because learners feel as being part of the wider learning process regardless of their background References Bryan, L. A. (2002). Teacher beliefs and cultural models: A challenge for science teacher preparation programs.. Science Education, 86(6), 821-839. Causey, V. E., Thomas, C. D., Armento, B. J. (2000). Cultural diversity is basically a foreign term to me: The challenges of diversity for preservice teacher education . Chicago: Teaching and teacher education. De Troyer, O., Broeckhoven, V., F., . V. (2017). Linking serious game narratives with pedagogical theories and pedagogical design strategies. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 1-25. Hollins, E. R., Guzman, M. T. (2005). Research on preparing teachers for diverse populations. Studying teacher education: 477, 548. AERA panel on research and teacher education. Marton, F. (2018). Towards a pedagogical theory of learning. In Deep Active Learning (pp. 59-77). Singapore: Springer. Parkay, F. W., Stanford, B. H., Gougeon, T. D. (2010). Becoming a teacher (pp. 432-462). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson/Merrill. Taylor, S. V., Sobel, D. (2001). Addressing the discontinuity of students and teachers diversity: A preliminary study of preservice teachers beliefs and perceived skills. . Teaching and teacher education, 17(4), 487-503. Wright, K. S. (2017). Perceptions of Teachers on Their Preparedness to Teach Students in Low-Income Urban Charter Schools in New Jersey. New Jersey.

Tourism in Lebanon free essay sample

Lebanon is one of the most amazing countries all over the world. What are the potentials for the tourism in Lebanon, the obstacles that facing tourism and the solutions that can support and improve this sector? II- Body: A- Potentials of tourism in Lebanon 1- Geographical location 2- Climate 3- History and Culture a- Ancient Civilizations b- Religious heritage c- Lebanese cuisine B- Obstacles that faces tourism in Lebanon 1- War 2- Terrorism 3- Advertising C- Solutions to improve tourism in Lebanon III- Conclusion : One who visits Lebanon is fascinated by the 7,000 year old little country. The weather is always moderate, the prices are very reasonable and, most of all the people are friendly. The Lebanese Republic stretches along 250 km of the picturesque Eastern Mediterranean coast. It is only 50 km wide, a Lilliput of a country which, on its total of 10452 km2 (4035. 54 sq. mi. ), is nevertheless endowed with all but the desert of natures features. We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism in Lebanon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page About 120 km from Beirut. Known to the Lebanese as the Cedars of the Lord. Some of the remaining 400 trees are over 1500 years old. The Cedar tree, majestic and indestructible, is the emblem of Lebanon and adorns its flag. The tourism industry in Lebanon has been historically important to the local economy and remains to this day to be a major source of revenue for Lebanon. Before the Lebanese Civil War, Lebanon was widely regarded as, The Switzerland of the Middle East. Often being cited as a financial and business hub where visitors can experience the Levantine Mediterranean culture. Lebanons diverse atmosphere and ancient history make it an important destination which is slowly rebuilding itself after continued turmoil. Lebanon offers plenty: from ancient Roman ruins, to well preserved castles, limestone caves, historic Churches and Mosques, beautiful beaches nestled in the Mediterranean Sea, world renown Lebanese cuisine, nonstop nightlife and discotheques, to mountainous ski resorts. Potentials of tourism in Lebanon: 1- Geographical location Lebanon falls on the Eastern Mediterranean sea, between 33Â ° 34. 40 latitude north and 35Â ° 36. 40Â ° longitude east. The country is located at the meeting point of three continents, and over the centuries it has been the cross roads of many civilizations whose trace may still be seen today. In winter, the high peaks are covered with snow and in summer the limestone slopes glimmer white in the distance. Two rocky ranges traverse Lebanon parallel to the seacoast, separated by the high plateau of the Bekaa Valley. Its countryside is a place of rocks, cedar trees and magnificent ruins that look down from the mountains to the sea. 2- Climate Lebanon enjoys an essential Mediterranean climate with mild, rainy winters and longer warm summers. The country is rain free between June and October. Visitors can count on 300 sunny days every year. However, mountains are cold and snowy in winter. Average annual rainfall is about 1,000 mm in Beirut (40 inches), but much higher in the mountains. Warm clothes are essential in the winter. Lowest temperature may be as low as -4? C in the mountains, and 10? C on the coast. 3- History and Culture An interesting archaeological relic found throughout Lebanon is the hundreds of well-preserved mosaics from the Roman and Byzantine eras. Countless colorful, tiny stones form intricate images of mythological figures, religious deities, and geometric designs. The mosaic is symbolic of modern-day Lebanon, which is a country characterized by a diversity of cultures, traditions, and religions interwoven through time. It is this unique diversity which fascinates travelers. Thanks to its location at the crossroads of Asia, Europe, and Africa, Lebanon has been shaped by many civilizations throughout history. Its position as a meeting point for diverse peoples is evident in the extraordinary richness of its archaeological sites and historical monuments. From Stone Age settlements to Phoenician city-states, from Roman temples to rock-cut Christian hermitages, rom Crusader Castles to Mamluke mosques and Ottoman hammams, the countrys historical sites are a true encyclopedia of ancient and modern world history. Modern Lebanese society is characterized by this same cultural diversity. Most Lebanese people speak Arabic, English, and French. As you walk the streets of downtown Beirut, you will pass domed mosques and steep led churches, reflecting the c ountrys religious and architectural legacies – Sunni, Shiia, and Druze Muslims; Maronite, Eastern Orthodox, and other Christians; and many others. Regionally, each part of the countryside has its own local flavor, with different villages preserving different culinary, artistic, religious, or cultural traditions. * Religious heritage * Islamic Heritage Lebanons Muslim heritage can be traced to the 7th century A. D. , when Islam was introduced to the region by conquering Muslim armies from the Arabian Peninsula. The two major Muslim dynasties following the prophet Muhammad, the Umayyads and the Abbasids, ushered in a rich period of Islamic art, architecture, learning, and culture, and this tradition continues to flourish today. The ancient trading city of Aanjar is the best example of the flourishing 8th century Islamic civilization under the Umayyads. Or, visit Tripoli, which has many ancient mosques and madrassas, to explore Lebanons vibrant Islamic culture. There are numerous mosques and spiritual places from the Sunni, Shiite, and Druze Muslim traditions throughout the country. A visit to the great medieval mosques in Beirut, Tripoli, or Saida (Sidon) can give you a taste of the long Islamic tradition of the country. * Christian Heritage Lebanons Christian heritage can be traced back to the Old Testament. The famed Cedars of Lebanon are referred to numerous times in the Bible as symbols of beauty and strength. Moreover, Lebanese cedar wood was sent to Jerusalem for the construction of Solomons Temple. Jesus and his disciples preached in the cities of Sour (Tyre) and Saida (Sidon), and Christianity was brought to Lebanon by the apostle St. Peter. Lebanon is mentioned over 70 times in the Bible, and there are ancient Christian sites of interest scattered throughout the country. For example, the village of Qana, where it is believed Jesus performed the miracle of turning water into wine, is located in South Lebanon. In addition to the many Biblical sites in the South, the Qadisha Valley (Holy Valley), the seat of the Maronite Church, offers a wealth of hidden, rock-cut monasteries, grottoes, and sacred sites waiting to be explored. Visit the ancient ruins of Sour (Tyre), Baalbek, or other sites to discover traces of Lebanons Byzantine/Orthodox heritage. * Lebanese cuisine The Lebanese cuisine combines the sophistication of European cuisines with the exotic ingredients of the Middle and Far East. Although the Lebanese cuisine has a recent popularity throughout the world, its history dates back to pre-biblical times. This eastern Mediterranean cuisine, which is located in a relatively small geographical area, has had a major influence on Middle Eastern cuisine and other neighboring culinary cultures. Nowadays, Lebanese cuisine is known throughout the world, especially with the recent emphasis on the health benefits of Mediterranean cuisine. The significant importance of this ancient cuisine has also inspired professional chefs and restaurateurs across the country to feature exciting Lebanese items on their menus. Here is a brief overview about some important touristic cities in Lebanon : Anjar : Inscribed as a world heritage site in 1984, Anjar was a commercial center for Levantine trade routes. At only 1,300 years old, Anjar is one of Lebanons newer archaeological sites. It was founded by the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid ibn Abdel Malek (in the beginning of the 8th century) and takes its name from the Arabic Ain Gerrah meaning the source of Gerrah, related to the Umayyad stronghold founded in the sam e era. The citys wide avenues are lined with mosques, palaces, baths, storehouses, and residences. The city ruins cover 114,000 square meters and are surrounded by large, fortified stone walls, over two meters thick and seven meters high. The rectangular city design is based on Roman city planning and architecture, with stonework and other features borrowed from the Byzantines. Two large avenues – the 20-meter-wide Cardo Maximus, running north to south, and the Decumanus Maximus, running east to west – divide the city into four quadrants. At the crossroads in the center of the city, four great tetrapylons mark the four corners of the intersection. * Baalbek : During the Phoenician era, Baalbek was a small village where a triad of fertility gods were worshiped ( Baal-Shamash, Anat, and Aliyan). Little remains of the Phoenician structures of the city which was later named Heliopolis under the Hellenistic rule and extensively rebuilt by the Romans. After the arrival of the Romans to Phoenicia in 64 B. C. , the city was transformed to a celebrated sanctuary where a Romanized triad of gods was worshiped (Jupiter, Venus and Mercury) and it was overlaid during a period of two centuries by a series of colossal temples. Modern-day visitors to Baalbek can enter the site through the grand Roman propylaea and walk through the two large colonnaded courtyards to reach the complexs great temples. * Byblos: Byblos was inscribed as a world heritage site in 1984. Inhabited since the Neolithic age, it witnessed the arrival of successive civilizations, from Phoenicians and Crusaders to Ottoman Turks. Byblos is a historical Mediterranean region dating back thousands of years and closely associated with the spread of the Phoenician alphabet. Obstacles that faces tourism in Lebanon: Lebanons tourism industry has suffered severe blows resulting from the civil war and political unrest that took place in the country. 1- War Lebanon suffered for along time from the Israeli attacks . Each time Israel attacked Lebanon the war led to a serious and huge destruction including the infrastructure, hotels and some touristic spots. This led to a decreased or low tourist activity in Lebanon. 2- Terrorism Today, Lebanon’s visitors are in decline in large numbers because of terrorism. The bombing of Al-Hariri car in 2005, Nahr Al-bared war in 2007, as well as an unsuccessful missile strike against many important political and social characters, have forced governments around the world to warn their citizens that Lebanon is unsafe for tourist travel, which by some accounts is costing Lebanon at least one million dollars per day. 3- Advertising Lebanon suffers from the weak advertising campaign in the world . Although Lebanon is one of the most beautiful countries ever , but many people in the world don’t know where this country is located . hat important places it has and how beautiful its nature is . What can the Lebanese government do to improve the situation of tourism * Encourage internal tourism. * A lot of Lebanese areas are still behind when it comes to tourism and it is the government’s duty to work on encouraging different kinds of tourism activities for people to be able to reach all these areas. The government can make some agreements and deals to abolish VISA requirements. * Encourage hosting global festivals and important sports and artistic events. * Improve the transportation system. Advertising is the best way to attract tourists. * Trying to delete the image of terrorism and instability inside the Lebanese situation.

Juvenile delinquency however as a field of study Essays

Juvenile delinquency however as a field of study Essays Juvenile delinquency however as a field of study Paper Juvenile delinquency however as a field of study Paper Various theories have been proposed to explain the cause of juvenile delinquency, this have ranged from the logical to the most basic and instinctive. Juvenile delinquency however as a field of study is a relatively modern development, in the past, societies punished juvenile offenders as if they were nothing more than young criminals. This practice was based on the thinking that the causes of delinquency are not any different from the causes of criminal action and should be punished as such. Scholars have tried to explain why juveniles engage in criminal deviance; early theories were founded on superstition and myth, while the classical school of thought emphasized rational personal choice. As societies became more complex, theoretical models of delinquency reflected the societies understanding of its environment and its biases in that particular time. Biological theories of juvenile delinquency have existed for many centuries and although some of its claims are contentious, it had gained scientific credence along the way. For us to have a deeper understanding of delinquency, we must also investigate contemporary contexts and the past for we gain insight from previous constructs. Moreover, biological theories give us an alternative way of understanding delinquency, albeit in a deterministic way. Biological theories of juvenile delinquency refer to the effect of inherited physical traits on human behavior. The different concepts present a deterministic explanation of delinquency and criminality and hold that some people are â€Å"naturally born criminals† with physical qualities that govern their deviant tendencies. These qualities include genetic, biological, biochemical profiles that theoretically cause or have a strong effect upon one’s predisposition for deviant behavior (Martin, 2005). The implication of biological theories to delinquency is that free will or personal choice of the individual is only secondary; rather it is the internal physical characteristics of the individual that causes deviant behavior. Biological theories of causes of delinquency include physiognomy, phrenology, atavism, heredity and somatotyping. Physiognomy posits facial characteristics were deemed to be indicators of moral character, so that an honest appearance may gain more trust than a dishonest appearance. The theory of phrenology states that the brain is the source of all personality, including deviant personality. It is said that lumps, bumps, indentations, protuberances and other cranial features were considered to be indicators of brain development. The theory of atavism postulates that criminals could be identified by primitive physical anomalies present at birth, however it states that it does not determine criminality but are indicators of criminal predisposition. Heredity has also played a major role in explaining delinquent behavior, especially in inquiries related to the occurrence of criminality in families. The theory states that deviance is genetically encoded in those born into a family group that has deviant traits. A modern development in the theory of heredity is chromosome theory, it is believed that individuals who commit crimes carries with them an extra Y chromosome or the super male syndrome, it was found that males with the extra Y were more common in prisons rather than in the society (Jacobs, 1965). Somatotyping is another revision of an older theory on body types, this sought to identify certain body types that are more likely to be found among offenders, of the three body types, Sheldon found that mesomorphs (people who are muscular, sinewy, narrow in the waist and hips, and broad shouldered) were found to be juvenile delinquents. The biological theories on juvenile delinquency tried to explain the causes of delinquent behavior, as such it has been in a limited way because it does not account for personal choice or the individual. But this is really the thrust of the biological theories; it removes personal accountability for one’s actions and instead is governed by the internal processes and characteristics of one’s body. The biological theories gave me an opportunity to think at how myopic our view of human behavior was in the past, but nevertheless it also displays man’s ingenuity in searching for answers. In real life however, there is truth in the claims of the biological theories, like when we seem to feel good about children who are pleasant looking, and why we shun children who are not. There is even almost this stereotype that juvenile delinquents resemble mesomorphs in body types, and that we often hear people say that children are sometimes born evil? Thus, it can be said that even if biological theories are outdated and needs to be scientific, it nevertheless is a tool to broaden our understanding of delinquency. References Canter, Rachelle. (1982). Family Correlates of Male and Female Delinquency. Criminology 20:149-67. Howell, J.C. 2003a. Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency: A Comprehensive Framework. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Jacobs, P., Brunton, M., Melville, M.M., (1965). Aggressive behavior, mental subnormality, and the XYY male. Nature, 208, 1351-1352 Martin, G. (2005). Juvenile Justice SAGE Publications, Inc.

Challenges Women Went Through Economically, Socially, And Politically During The US Reconstruction Era

Challenges Women Went Through Economically, Socially, And Politically During The US Reconstruction Era Throughout the Reconstruction era, the lives of women in the North and South progressed economically, politically, and socially. Women were becoming part of the emerging consumer culture while becoming more active in a political sector. Given how the ideal of â€Å"true womanhood† began losing its eminence in U.S. society, the New Woman began gaining popularity with their higher levels of education, leisure time, working for a wage, and participating in politics. With women gaining personal freedoms, restrictions were still placed upon them to look and act a certain way amongst through the previous model of true womanhood, though its representation varied given the woman’s race and social standing. During the 1860s and the nineteen-teens, new opportunities for higher education were available. However, those who benefitted from it most exclusively were wealthy white women. With their higher education, women were able to have better opportunities for jobs not believed to be fitting for women: administration, clerical, law, and political positions (Dubois and Dumenil 302, 327). Wealthier women also were able to run their own settlement homes; one such woman was Jane Addams. African-American women could become shopkeepers and teachers, but complicating their new freedom was the establishment of Jim Crow laws and public lynchings under often false charges. In Ida B. Wells’ autobiography, Crusade for Justice, she described the lynching of friend, Thomas Moss, as â€Å"an excuse to get rid of Nergoes who were aquiring wealth and property†¦keep the race terrorized.† Her testimony, as well as her involement of further investigating the charges brought on by lynching victims, led to her being driven out of Memphis in 1892 (Dubois and Dumenil 314, 316). Sadly, working- and lower-class women were not offered the same opportunities for further advancement in U.S. society. They were sequestered in factory jobs and their stays in settlement homes only provided temporary relief in their situations, though their way of life was respected (Dubois and Dumenil 368-9). In contrast to immigrant women’s education, the education young Native girls received in government-run boarding schools was designed to assimilate them in the dominant American culture given how American felt there was a need for non-Americans to become civilized. For the Native girls, it meant settling into domesticity and receiving harsh punishments—whippings or being tied up—if they â€Å"reverted back to their Indian ways† or tried escaping (Dubois and Dumenil 349). To receive funding, Indian boarding schools would present pictures of Native girls before and after their â€Å"Americanization.† A pair of photos taken of three young Native girls before and after their assimilation shows their hair being cut, dressed in American clothing, and sitting at a table. The only commonality is the look of sorrow on their faces. Given their low status, it was rare for Native children to progress in society when very few achieved basic English literary skills. With women having more free time for leisure, there was an expectation of women to be seen as presentable and beautiful when outside of the home. Cosmetics, previously worn by prostitutes, were sold and presented to women as something to cover their flaws, attract future husbands with, set themselves apart from other women, and to set the standards of beauty for other women especially young girls. Further boosting the sale of cosmetics and formation of salons was the monitoring of a woman’s appearance by men and other women, advertisements, the private selling of makeup door to door, and cosmetics expanding to be sold in local drug stores (Peiss 373-4, 378). Wearing makeup and keeping up appearances was an indication of a woman’s wealth and how highly she valued herself. If a woman of lower class was seen without makeup in the public sector, she was deemed as inferior as opposed to middle and working-class women who bought makeup and would wear it while working. Durin g the Progressive era, wealthy women outside the home had the freedom to become philanthropists and activists. One of the most prosperous philanthropists was Madam C.J. Walker, the daughter of slave parents, who acquired wealth and status in the cosmetics industry aimed for African-American women (Dubois and Dumenil 421). The growth of women wage earners increased during the Progressive Era. By 1920, twenty percent of the workforce was female with over half of the labor consisting of immigrant and/or non-white women. After the Civil War, the profession of nursing was no longer seen as a â€Å"domestic service†. Even the profession of teaching evolved to where women could be professors. Despite segregation being enforced in the North and South, black women were able to form their own schools in local communities to educate young children during the professionalization (Dubois and Dumenil 408-9). Despite these changes, women were still expected to become mothers and put aside their professional carriers while the children were young. Immigrant women, wives and daughters, were expected to become wage earners while trying to maintain old world customs. Their way of earning money was through domestic housework for the more leisured White upper-class women. Given the surge in immigration, many live d in cramped and poorly kempt rooms. A photo taken by Jacob Riis for the New York Tribune shows five women staying possibly temporarily in a police station with clothes drying and their only means of furniture and heating is a stove. Riis’s photo reveals the extent of homelessness, collapse of a working-class family, and why many immigrant women and why immigrant women felt the need to contribute a wage for their families (Dubois and Dumenil 392). With more women working outside of the home, women began to voice their opinions more publicly and politically. The newest wave of the suffragist movement gave middle-class women voices in political settings while drawing attention from the wealthy and working-class women. However, the funding for marches and attention came from the wealthy women’s husbands. During what would be the Women’s Era, women’s organizations such as Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) granted women voices in politics through demands of fair wages, the establishment of a maximum workweek, and ending child labor (Dubois and Dumenil 286, 309-10). In addition, their alliance would bring more attention to women’s suffrage, especially with an endorsement from Susan B. Anthony and a shift to have women’s votes be amended. Some immigrant women joined the women’s movements under the promise of gaining fre edom for themselves, and possibly for their daughters (Dubois and Dumenil 363). Yet no black woman was invited to attend women’s movements and organizations, nor was there Native American women involved in women’s organizations known to have occurred. African-American women had their own organizations, but they were segregated from movements founded by white women. The change of the American women’s role in life began in the middle of the nineteenth century and continued into the first decades of the twentieth. During that time, women had gained more influence and prominence politically and socially (Dubois and Dumenil 441). However, women were still expected to achieve the goal of motherhood. What differed was now they had the greater possibility of working outside of the home while being a mother or not becoming a mother at all. With vast amounts of freedom, women challenged social expectations while still being expected to maintain a form of decorum and femininity. In the long run, the degree of freedom women had was evident in comparison to the early nineteenth century, but their independence was reliant on their class and race. More opportunities and means of social advancements were available to the privileged and leisured classes, but non-white women were limited in job prospects and faced segregation, discrimination, and violen ce. In spite of everything, improvements women made paved the way for a new era of women’s rights and liberties.

Effective Note Taking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Effective Note Taking - Essay Example den insights and realizations that may have been experienced on the moment might add more important supporting information in one’s research content. In taking down notes effectively, one must always be observant to the factors being analyzed by physical experience or the empirical perception; while at the same time have room for a degree of introspective intuition. It is important in any research work to write down all findings and observations besides gathering references. Sometimes, the personal insights of the researcher would prove to have very valuable point of view. Any bit of data or information related to the topic would be of much aid to the research. Taking down a whole lot of notes may be helpful, but it is also important to analyze one’s findings. Not all personal insights may prove to be helpful enough towards the research work. All notes should be skimmed and analyzed first before being placed in synthesis with the research content. Only until one’s notes have been sorted, the relevant notes can be then placed in the research

Forecasts of Demand Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Forecasts of Demand - Assignment Example So, how do companies prepare for growth while still acknowledging that this forecast might not materialise? How do these estimates, which are a rough estimate of the actual demand or sometimes the mirror image of the market conditions, affect human resource, capacity, and the supply-chain management? How does this forecast influence the flexibility of these three important factors in manufacturing whether weekly, monthly or annually? The paper discusses the role of Operations Management, its framework and concepts while developing an appreciation for the operational processes, techniques, planning, and control systems. It also demonstrates the application of appropriate measures and the techniques for planning and production control. It is further classified under the three items for discussion for precision and clarity. According to the U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the residential statistics for June 2013 showed that privately-owned housing units were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 911,000. This was 7.5% below the May rate of 985,000 but stood at 16.1% above the June 2012 estimate of 78500. The single-family authorisations were at 624,000, which was a 1.2 percent increase from the 620,000 in May. The industry is a replica of other organisations in terms of the forecasts from previous years to current times, and from current years to the future. In Ontario Canada, the houses were trending at 184,514 units in June compared to 184,087 in May. This is according to statistics from the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). According to Mathieu Laberge, the Deputy Chief Economist at CMHC, they use this trend to measure as a complement to the monthly SAAR of housing to account for considerable swings in monthly estimates and obtain a more comple te picture of the state of the housing market. In some situations, however, Mathieu acknowledges that the data or projections

Animals Rights Essay Example for Free

Animals Rights Essay Animal rights are benefits that humans give to animals, including the right of protection from user and abuse by people. Do you agree or disagree? For decades, the question â€Å"Do animals have rights?† has been examined from many different angles. People contend that animals do or do not have rights based on several factors, including whether animals can learn, can use language, are conscious, are able to suffer, and are ethical beings. Whether and which animals have rights depends on which characteristics are considered. For many years, there has been a major debate regarding animal rights. So, what are animal rights? Animal rights is the idea that animals have the same rights as humans, to live free of suffering, are just as important as living individuals, and have the same moral status as humans. Also, as Doris defined animal rights â€Å"The right of animals is to be free of oppression, confinement, use and abuse by humans† (721-725). There are people think that animals need rights to be protected. They think that animals should be treated as humans. Moreover, they believe that animals should be protected from people. On the other hand, there are some other people who think that animals should not be treated as humans. These people believe that they need to use animals to live. In addition, they use them for every aspect of life. Now everyone wonders which group is correct. In my point of view, animals are not even close to being in the same league as humans. True, animals can feel pain and emotion, but that does not give them the rights to freedom that humans have. As Carroll said, â€Å"Scientists claim that the cardinal difference between animals and humans is that humans have a capacity for moral judgments and thought. We are ethical sentient beings whereas animals are only sentient beings.† Humans can consider aspects in making decisions that animals cannot. For example, in deciding whether to shoot a bear that is pregnant or has young cubs in tow, a hunter can consider ethical reasons not to kill it, such as the bear’s responsibility to its cubs. Animals, on the other hand, have no concern to the lives, responsibilities, or feelings of other living things, as is the case when a bear attacks and kills a person whose family is nearby. When was the last time someone wanted to eat or kill his or her children? For humans, that is something unbelievable. On the other hand, animals eat and kill their own children. Mother dogs will kill or push out their young ones if they are sick or cannot keep up with the rest of the bunch. It also happens with fish, birds, cats, rodents, and many other animals. If we were to give animals the same rights as humans we would have to kill or punish the animals if they were to do such acts. It is obvious that animals cannot be responsible as humans so they should not have equal rights as human. Humans need animals to feed themselves. There is huge number of people who are vegetarian but it cannot be compared with the number of people who are not. Some people like vegetarians and philosophers, believe that people should not eat animals because animals have the right to life. In fact, if animals have the right to life then why do animals kill each other for no reasons? Many of us have seen a house cat killing rabbits or rats just to kill them. They would not eat them, just kill them and walk around with the dead animal in their mouth. If you watch some Discovery Channel shows on young animals, especially meat eating animals, the same thing applies. In addition, some animals eat plants as humans do, so do plants have rights too? Plants are live creatures just like humans and animals, so should we prevent animals from eating plants? Of course not because this is the nature of the life of all creatures; humans eat animals and animals eat plants and life continues with this conce pt. Humans have been evolving and will continue to evolve through time. To learn we must experiment and use trial and error. This involves the animal testing issue. This is where it starts getting hard to define the rights of animals. It is true that there are some unnecessary experiments, but the most are important. For example, there are a huge number of women who suffer from breast cancer; through testing on animals, humans are provided two medicines that have saved the lives of women with breast cancer. Another example of diseases which was fixed by testing animals is lung cancer. Lung cancer has been killing more people than breast, colon and pancreatic cancers. Through relying on mouse models of lung cancer and focusing on understanding, preventing, and detecting lung cancer, scientists are developing new therapies for treating this disease. These examples prove that testing animals has significant positive impact on human lives. It prevents human from death by different disease; therefore, when human use animals to find a way to prevent themselves from death there is nothing wrong about it. For instance, when you driving down a road and a small animal crossed it, would you run over it for your own safety or you will out yourself in a dangerous situation to just save that animal. Most people will choose their own safety rather than the animal’s life. This applys on testing animals to save humans lives. In conclusion, it is true that humans should respect animals, but that does not mean that animals have the same rights as humans. When humans kill animals to feed themselves, they should kill them as painlessly as possible so that animals do not suffer as Michael mentioned â€Å"animals do not suffer and that their deaths are swift and painless† (374). Also, although it is correct thought that some animals are treated poorly, animal testing is for the better overall as it saves humans lives. Animals should not be given the rights that humans have because humans can think, judge, and behave, but animals cannot. Work Cited Lin, Doris. â€Å"Protecting Animals Moral Status and Moral Rights.† Animal Rights 9:6 (2008): 721-725. Print. Carroll, Jamuna. â€Å"Gale Cengage.† Do Animals Have Rights? (2004): 209-217. Print. Polloan, Michael. The Norton Reader. London, NY: W.W. Norton Company Inc, 2012. Print.

Community Gardens at this University Essay -- Agriculture Community Ga

A Growing University: Community Gardens Humanity, when striving to create a more perfect world, may have difficulties in choosing a place to begin. However, in light of the direction much of humanity is quickly going, it seems obvious where to look. All over the world, urban populations are rapidly growing. Researchers predict that the time when 50% of the world’s population lives in cities is quickly approaching (â€Å"News and Highlights† 1). As urban populations increase, hunger becomes a growing concern. Thus, it is necessary to restructure the way food is produced in order to more efficiently feed the world’s growing population. The answer lies in urban agriculture. As a leading university in a growing city, serves as a primary example of urban sustainability. Thus, it is important that Kansas City join other major cities in embracing the practice of urban agriculture. In New York, Havana, and Tokyo, urban agriculture has been used as an economic, educational, and environmental resource through a variety of methods. Some serve solely as children’s educational centers, like the Collingwood Children’s Farm in Melbourne, Australia. Others are resources for those interested in testing out ideas related to sustainable agriculture, like The Florida House Institute for Sustainable Development in Sarasota, Florida (â€Å"Urban Agriculture† 1) In related research on community gardens in poor neighborhoods in New York City, results showed that â€Å"urban gardening is an effective tool for crime reduction, maintenance of cultural diversity, community empowerment, and promotion of civic participation.† (Saldivar 407) In light of this, I propose that university should have a community garden on campus, to be used for food produc... ... 2003. 21 10 2006 . Mougeot, Luc J.A.. "Urban Agriculture: Definition, presence, potentials and risks." Growing Cities Growing Food: A Reader on Urban Agriculture Theme 110 1999 1-30. 21 Oct. 2006 . "News and Highlights." Growing urban farms provide useful greens and earnings for poor, but reforms could boost supplies. 10 1996. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 30 Oct 2006 . Saldivar-Tanaka, Laura. "Culturing community development, neighborhood open space, and civic agriculture: The case of Latino community gardens in New York City." Agriculture and Human Values 21(2004): 399-412. 4 "Urban Agriculture." Wikipedia. 22 Oct 2006. Wikimedia. 2 Nov 2006 .

Electric Motor driven Water Pump activated by Temperature Sensor Essay

In recent times the farmers have been using irrigation technique through manual control in which the farmer irrigate the land at regular intervals by turning the water pump on/off when required. This process sometimes consumes more water and sometimes the water supply land is delayed due to which the crops dry out. It is an electromechanical system. There is advance mechanical water pump which will use to irrigate the crops in farms. The dc electric motor (permanent magnet dc motor or PMDC) will be used to drive this pump. The motor is controlled by the controller which is connected to the battery and the temperature sensor which give a signal to the controller when the surrounding temperature will increase or decrease. The temperature is set to (35OC) in the controller whenever it will increase or decrease from the set temperature it will automatically turn on/off the motor with the help of controller and battery which is connected with it. After that with the help of motor water pump which is connected to the motor will send water to the farms. It will useful for those crops which need constant water and should soak during the growth which will reduce the dry out problems of crops. Block Diagram of Electric motor driven Water Pump. 101917515367000 PARTS WHICH WE ARE USING FOR THIS PROJECT. Waterproof temperature sensor Battery PMDC electric motor Temperature controller Mechanical water pump PROBLEMS Two of the most widely recognized issues with cultivating water system frameworks need to do with water system booking. Water system booking is just noting the inquiries of â€Å"When do I water?† and â€Å"To what extent do I water?†. Beginning a water system cycle too soon as well as running a water system cycle too long is considered overwatering. At any rate, this training squanders water and cash. Be that as it may, over watering can cause edit harm if done on a delayed premise. In like manner, beginning a water system cycle past the point of no return or not running the framework for a sufficiently long timeframe is considered under watering and can cause decreased yields and poor harvest quality which can influence cost. There is also one most common problem which is faced by most of the farmers is field situated miles away from their homes. They have to travel daily base at several time to start or stop the irrigation water pump which is too important for the crops which consume more time. some time due to over irrigation and under irrigation crops are damaged by which farmer face big loss as shown in picture 1.1. Some farmers have more land and they have more need of manpower because of manual turning on/off for water pump which will take more time and become costly because of labor. . Problems sometimes without automatic irrigation system picture of the farm. AIM/OBJECTIVES A model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions of people. In many countries, agriculture plays an important role in shaping up the economy and the climate conditions are anisotropic. the main purpose of this project is to save crops from dry out and the time which is also important in human life. The model uses temperature sensor technology with the controller to make smart switching devices. It is the basic automatic switching mechanism of motor water pump using the sensor from surrounding temperature. This system can be operated at night and water which loss from evaporation is thus minimized. The most significant advantage is that water is supplied only when the temperature is increased and the plant has need of water. It works according to temperature and keeps soil soaked whenever it going to dry because of temperature. It will also reduce the consumption of water and save the lot of water which will more beneficial for the dry areas of the world. There is also one more biggest advantage of this project is it will also help to increase the production of the crops and save crops from dry out which is also good for the farmers and those countries which totally depend on the farming. It is the highly sensitive product with the low cost by which poor farmers can also buy this in their budget. With the help of automatic irrigation system picture of a farm.

Do Children Read Purely For Enjoyment Education Essay

The term reading for pleasance is the 1 used most frequently in official British course of study paperss. Pleasure and enjoyment are both words that occur, for illustration, in England ‘s National Curriculum ( NC ) programmes of survey for reading ( DfEE/QCA, 1999: 46 ) . Reading is an of import first measure to personal development, and to societal, economic and civic life ( Holden, 2004 cited in Clark and Rumbold, 2006 ) . It allows us to larn â€Å" about other people, about history and societal surveies, linguistic communication, scientific discipline, mathematics, and the other content topics that must be mastered in school. The National Literacy Trust defined reading for pleasance as â€Å" reading that we do of our ain free will, expecting the satisfaction that we will acquire from the act of reading. It besides refers to reading that holding begun at person else ‘s petition we continue because we are interested in it † Nell ( 1988 ) , besides states that reading for pleasance is a signifier of drama that allows us to see other universes and functions in our imaginativeness. This is supported by Holden ( 2004 cited in Clark and Rumbold, 2006 ) who besides regarded reading as a â€Å" originative activity † that is far removed from the inactive chase it is often perceived to be. Others such as Graff ( 1992 ) have described reading for pleasance as an interpretative activity, which is shaped by the reader ‘s outlooks and experiences every bit good as by the societal contexts in which it takes topographic point. However, reading for pleasance could be described as being much more than merely a signifier of drama and escape ; it is besides a manner of linking with a text. Pullman ( 2004 ) , wrote on the characteristics that make reading pleasurable: â€Å" See the nature of what happens when we read a book†¦ It is n't like a talk: its like a conversation. There ‘s a back-and-forthness about it. The book proposes, the reader inquiries, the book responds, the reader considers. And we are active about the procedure†¦ We can plane or we can read it easy ; we can read every word, or we can jump long transitions ; we can read it in the order it presents itself, or we can read it in any order we please ; we can look at the last page foremost, or make up one's mind to wait for it ; we can set the book down and†¦ we can accede or we can differ. † This infusion has been taken from a Guardian article, and is written by the writer Phillip Pullman. He describes reading as a democratic activity because the reader can take charge of what they read. On the other manus, he states that theocracies have a narrow thought of what literacy is, in that they believe it contains merely one thing, and has merely one intent ( Pullman, 2004 ) . Although the article was most likely to hold been written with grownups in head, the infusion taken could be applied to readers of all ages. All definitions fit in with thought of reading for pleasance. Connecting with a text enables the reader to prosecute to the full in what they are reading. However, when engaged in a text we are able to see different universes and functions which can spread out our imaginativenesss.Are kids reading for pleasance?Harmonizing to Clark and Rumbold ( 2006 ) , research suggests that a turning figure of kids do non read for pleasance, and that there appears to be a diminution in the Numberss of kids reading for pleasance over clip. Between 2000 and 2009, on norm, the per centum of kids who reported reading for enjoyment day-to-day dropped by 5 % , from 69 % to 64 % ( OECD, 2010 ) . This signals the challenge for schools to prosecute immature people in reading activities that they find relevant and interesting. The primary purpose of the research conducted by Clark and Rumbold ( 2006 ) was to research reading for pleasance, with the chief focal point being on kids. Their research has been used a great trade within this paper for its relevancy to the assignment rubric. This determination is supported by grounds from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study ( PIRLS ) , which indicated that attitudes to reading hold declined somewhat in England ( in 2006 compared to 2001 ) ( Twist et al. 2007 cited in ESARD, 2012 ) . What was found highlighted that kids in England had less positive attitudes to reading than kids in most other states. It was besides identified that misss by and large enjoy reading more than boys. This is looked at, more in deepness, farther on in the paper. Additionally, a study by the publishing houses Pearson, who questioned instructors, identified that 74 % warned that students did non pass adequate clip reading outside the schoolroom ( BBC News, 2012 ) . Children ‘s writer Frank Cottrell Boyce highlights the issue by stating, â€Å" It ‘s worrying to believe that so many immature kids are non being inspired to pick up a good book and acquire lost in a narrative. † ( BBC News, 2012 ) . This highlights a clear demand to do certain that kids are being provided with the right types of books which stimulate their involvement, capture their imaginativeness and do them desire to turn the following page.Why do kids read?Evidence suggests that reading for pleasance is non ever cited as the chief ground for kids reading. Surveies have explored the issue of why kids read and there have been comparable consequences. The bulk of kids surveyed responded with accomplishments based grounds, grounds to make with acquisition and ap prehension, or emotional grounds ( ESARD, 2012 ) . This is supported by a study conducted by the National Literacy Trust ( NLT ) as portion of Reading Connects ( Clark and Foster, 2005 ) , who found that the bulk of kids emphasised accomplishments related grounds for reading. One-half of the kids said they read because it is a accomplishment for life and because it will assist them happen what they want or need to cognize. More male childs than misss reported that they read because it will assist them acquire a occupation or because they have to. Girls indicated that reading is fun, teaches them how other people live and because it gives them a interruption. However, a survey conducted by Dungworth et Al ( 2004 ) showed consequences that pointed more strongly towards pleasance being a ground for kids reading. This fitted in with the thought that reading was emotional, and related to the manner reading made them experience. Some kids besides said that they read because it was loosen uping. It should be noted that this study was merely conducted with twelvemonth 5 students and hence does non possibly demo a true representation of primary school kids of all ages. The literature suggests that there is a split between grounds why kids read. On the one manus there are the kids who read for enjoyment and for relaxation, whilst others do it chiefly because it is educational and enlightening. However, the bulk of kids do look to tilt towards more skill related grounds as to why they read. This indicates that the pleasance may be taken out of reading for them.The benefits linked with reading for pleasance?Research with kids has shown that reading for pleasance is positively linked with many benefits. Clark and Rumbold ( 2006:8-9 ) identified these chief countries as the benefits to reading for pleasance in the National Literacy Trust ‘s Reading for Pleasure: Reading attainment and composing ability ; Text comprehension and grammar ; Breadth of vocabulary ; Positive reading attitudes ; Greater self assurance as a reader ; Pleasure in reading in ulterior life ; General cognition ; A better apprehension of other civilizations ; Community engagement, and A greater penetration into human nature and decision-making Harmonizing to the National Literacy Trust, they are dedicated to constructing a literate state and emphasize the importance of reading for pleasance as one manner to progress literacy attainment in kids. Similarly, Clark and De Zoysa ( 2011 ) , who have been referred to below, besides focussed their research on immature people. Due to the complexness of some of the inquiries and constructs, they decided to curtail the age scope of take parting students to upper KS2 ( 9-11 old ages and older ) , hence the findings can non possibly be generalised to all students in lower KS2 and KS1. Reading for pleasance in KS1 and lower KS2 is an country that does necessitate more focal point and research. Clark and De Zoysa ( 2011 ) found a important positive relationship between enjoyment and attainment. This indicates that kids who read more are besides better readers. However, they made no deduction sing cause and consequence, hence higher attainment may take to more enjoyment of reading or greater enjoyment may take to higher attainment. In a big graduated table study, Clark ( 2011 ) likewise found that those who reported basking reading were six times more likely than those who did non bask reading to read above the expected degree for their age. In contrast, kids who reported non basking reading at all were 11 times more likely than those who enjoyed reading to read below the degree expected for their age. It was besides found that merely one in 10 kids who read seldom or ne'er, scored above the degree expected for their age compared with one in three of immature people who read everyday. This is once more strongly supported by PIRLS, who reported that â€Å" there is a strong association between the sum of reading for pleasance kids reported and their reading accomplishment. † Guthrie and Wigfield ( 2000 ) besides discovered that kids, who become engaged with reading, provide themselves with â€Å" spontaneous † larning chances that are tantamount to several old ages of instruction. They besides identified that kids with a positive attitude to reading are more likely to pattern the reading accomplishments they are larning at school. Similarly, like Clark and Rumbold ( 2006 ) , Guthrie and Wigfield have focussed chiefly on immature people, through discoursing occupied reading, with its attending being on the part of kids ‘s motive. In add-on to this, research has shown how developing a love of reading is of import for kids ‘s life opportunities. Harmonizing to the OECD ( 2002 ) , detecting ways to prosecute students in reading may be one of the most effectual ways to act upon societal alteration. Their analysis showed that students whose parents had the lowest occupational position, but who were extremely engaged in reading, obtained higher mean reading tonss than pupils whose parents had high or average occupational position but who were ill engaged in reading ( NUT, 2011 ) . â€Å" Reading for Pleasure † is a cardinal policy for the National Union of Teachers ( NUT, 2011:4 ) their usher proposes that, â€Å" the National Curriculum and its statutory appraisal system, Ofsted reviews and the answerability government, mark scene, school betterment and action programs all exert a important influence on what instructors do in the schoolroom. † As a consequence, reading for pleasance can be viewed as a luxury and occurs seldom in the schoolroom. Besides, the inclination towards utilizing infusions from books instead than whole texts for pattern and readying, the attraction and immediateness of a scope of digital media, the shrinking of school and public libraries and the clip demands of guaranting full course of study coverage have all gone against schools promoting students to read for pleasance. Other research into benefits of reading for pleasance has identified that kids who are read to everyday, at age three, have a vocabulary of a kid aged five which is about two months more advanced than those who are non ( Washbook and Waldfogel, 2010 ) . Furthermore, grounds besides illustrates that reading for pleasance can profit kids beyond the schoolroom and into their grownup life, hence enriching the universe around us. The International Reading Association ( 1999 ) believes that kids who enter the grownup universe in the twenty-first century will read and compose more than any other clip in history. They will necessitate advanced degrees of literacy to execute their occupations, run their families and conduct their personal lives etc. They deem literacy to be that of import that they will necessitate it to get by with â€Å" the inundation of information they will happen everyplace they turn. † This is supported by Hargreaves Macintyre ( 2005 ) who stated that hapless reading accomplishments show a relationship with deficiency of employment, lower rewards and fewer chances for promotion. Harmonizing to Clark and Rumbold ( 2006 ) , reading for pleasance has non been a immense research precedence. Nevertheless, surveies are roll uping that emphasise the importance of reading for pleasance, for both educational every bit good as personal development. These surveies show that advancing reading can hold a major impact on kids and their hereafter. However, it should be noted that the bulk of these surveies are based on connected research and would profit from a more strict attack.Motivation for readingResearch into reading has identified the importance of reading motive in explicating literacy behavior. Guthrie and Wigfield ( 2000 ) , define reading motive as. â€Å" the person ‘s personal ends, values and beliefs with respect to the subjects, procedures, and results of reading. † They suggest that reading motive is a multi-faceted â€Å" concept † that includes reading ends, intrinsic and extrinsic motive, self-efficacy and societal motive for reading. In add-on to this, the National Literacy Trust ( 2006 ) province that research has repeatedly shown that motive to read lessenings with age, particularly if kids ‘s attitudes towards reading become less positive ( McKenna et al, 1995 ) . Consequently if kids do non bask reading when they are immature, so they are improbable to make so when they get older. In motive research, research workers and practicians have focused chiefly on task-mastery orientation, i.e. wining at a undertaking. Persons with a public presentation orientation enterprise to maximize favorable ratings to their ability ( Thorkildsen and Nicholls, 1998 ) . Performance orientation is seen as extrinsic motive. It is associated with the usage of surface schemes for reading and desire to finish a undertaking instead than to understand or bask a text ( Meece and Miller, 1999 cited in Guthrie and Wigfield, 2000 ) . Wigfield and Guthrie ( 1997 cited in Guthrie and Wigfield, 2000 ) inform that extrinsic motive was made up of three facets. The first being reading for acknowledgment, this is the pleasance in having a touchable signifier of acknowledgment for success. Second, reading for classs, whereby a kid desires to be favorably evaluated by the instructor, and in conclusion competition in reading is the desire to surpass others in reading. In contrast, Ryan and Deci ( 2000 ) refer to intrinsic motive as battle in an activity that is based on personal involvement in an activity itself. Hidi ( 2000 ) , province that readers who are per se motivated are more likely to happen a assortment of subjects that involvement them, and benefit from an attach toing sense of pleasance. It should be noted that although the surveies by Meece and Miller ( 1999 ) , Thorkildsen and Nicholls ( 1998 ) , Ryan and Deci ( 2000 ) and Hidi ( 2000 ) focused chiefly on kids, they were conducted in America and hence attitudes towards reading may be different to those in the UK. However, a study carried out by the International Reading Association ( 1995 ) identified that like the UK, misss possessed more favorable attitudes than male childs at all class degrees. Self efficaciousness is another facet of reading motive. Bandura ( 1986 ) defines it as â€Å" people ‘s opinions of their capablenesss to organize and put to death class of action required to achieve designated types of public presentations. † An person ‘s beliefs about their capablenesss can act upon motive and behavior ( Bandura, 1982 ) . Therefore, in this context, it could be said that when a kid evaluates their ain competency in reading and, believes their attempts have been successful, their assurance is increased and willingness to seek similar and more ambitious books occurs. Additional surveies by Quirk et Al ( 2009 ) and Jackson ( 2002 ) have supported Bandura ‘s theory. Much research into this country has concluded that pupils with high intrinsic motive, a undertaking orientation, and high ego efficaciousness are comparatively active readers and high winners ( Guthrie et al, 2000 ) .Boys V. GirlsHarmonizing to ESARD ( 2012 ) surveies have revealed that boys enjoy reading less than misss. A study conducted by Clark and Douglas ( 2011 ) for The National Literacy Trust, identified that there has been a important spread between male childs and misss who enjoy reading. In 2005, 10.7 % more misss than male childs enjoyed reading ; by 2009 this had widened to 15 % . As a consequence of these statistics, Clark and Douglas ( 2011 ) made this bold statement: â€Å" Its deductions are important non merely for literacy but for male childs ‘ wider educational attainment and finally their life chances. † This statement stresses the importance of reading for enjoyment. Besides, despite a big figure of national publicities of reading, focused on male childs between 2005 and 2011, they are still non reading for pleasance every bit much as misss. Had these non occurred, the spread may hold been even wider. Schemes that have been introduced to promote male childs to read hold focussed on two attacks. Through programmes such as the National Literacy Trust ‘s Reading Champions undertaking, the purpose is to alter attitudes to reading. Besides, male childs are given the chance to read by being provided with free reading stuffs from strategies such as Boys into Books. Harmonizing to Maloney ( 2000 ) , the writer of Boys and Books: Building a Culture of Reading Around Our Boys, boys by and large similar to read books that reflect their image of themselves, peculiarly what they aspire to be and what they want to make, i.e. something that they can associate to. Besides, books that can do them laugh and appeal to their sense of mischievousness and fiction that focuses on action more than emotions. Interestingly, boys enjoy books that are portion of a series, such as the Harry Potter series as they appear to supply male childs with a sense of comfort and acquaintance. Possibly unsurprisingly, many male childs tend to be passionate about scientific discipline fiction and phantasy. Finally, newspapers, magazines, amusing books, athleticss cards and direction manuals, these are stuffs that are frequently non available in the schoolroom. Research suggests that when male childs read these stuffs, they do non see themselves to be reading at all, because thes e stuffs are non valued at school. It could be said that The National Literacy Trust provides reasonably valuable and dependable information. 17,089 students aged 8-16 from 112 schools from England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales participated in the on-line study on immature people ‘s attitudes towards reading in November and December 2009. One piece of research that has been prevailing throughout looking at gender differences and reading for pleasance is that entree to reading stuffs for male child seems still to be an issue and seems to associate to parental attitudes towards reading. Clark and Douglas ( 2011 ) province that male childs are less likely to state that they have entree to a computing machine, magazines, newspapers or books compared with misss. Besides, whilst 79.1 % of misss say they have books of their ain at place, merely 66.5 % of male childs say they do. This indicates that there may be a demand for runs to turn to societal attitudes around male child ‘s reading, and the parental function in resource proviso suggests that parents may hold a function to play in turn toing the gender spread. Interestingly on arrangement more male childs read and appeared to bask reading more, nevertheless this is merely one category and can non be generalised to the population.The current criterion of instruction of reading in schoolsThe Literacy Guide for Primary Schools 2012-2013 announced that the criterion of instruction of literacy, in primary schools around the United Kingdom is better than it of all time has been. They province that schools are presenting lessons which are thorough, advanced and originative and, as a consequence kids are motivated and larning takes topographic point ( National Literacy Trust, 2012 ) . However, there was still one in five kids neglecting to accomplish the expected degree at Key Stage 2 in 2011. In footings of alteration, the new bill of exchange course of study for English ( 2012 cited in National Literacy Trust 2012 ) puts a strong accent on the instruction of systematic man-made phonics. Furthermore, the Teachers ‘ Standards require for all instructors to â€Å" show an apprehension of and take duty for advancing high criterions of literacy, articulacy and the right usage of Standard English. † ( DfEs, 2012 ) . Ofsted ( 2010 ) characterised excellence in reading by set uping phonic cognition and accomplishments and their application through reading, composing and comprehension of what they ‘re reading. Besides broadening and widening the scope and quality of reading, and eventually, heightening the instruction of reading by its application across the wider course of study. The 12 schools chosen for the Ofsted ( 2010 ) analyze all had above mean consequences in both KS1 and KS2. They represented a scope of cultural and socio economic backgrounds, and the schools were widely distributed and included urban and rural scenes. Although the sum of schools chosen is slightly little, the fact that they represent a spectrum of different backgrounds highlights the fact that any school can accomplish excellence in learning kids to read, and promote reading for pleasance. However, one unfavorable judgment of seting so much focal point on phonics and kids being tested on their reading at the age of six is that kids may be put off reading for pleasance ( Guardian, 2011 ) . The study dismisses past concerns sing frights about the consequence of structured acquisition and instruction on three and four twelvemonth olds by stating that they have small foundation. However, they make the strong point that some of the rules of man-made phonics, such as inflexibleness and adhering merely to decidable books until the kid no longer needs formal systematic phonics instruction, could present an â€Å" unreal ceiling and cut down the motive of kids who want to research books and take on the challenge of reading for themselves † ( Ofsted, 2010 ) . It is agreed that what is of import is that kids who struggle to get the critical accomplishments of blending and segmenting are given as much aid as possible ( Ofsted 2010 ) .Promoting reading for pleasance in the schoolroomAside from guaranting a deepness of capable cognition in the rules, theory and patterned advance of phonics, instructors need to â€Å" plunge the kids in a rich reading environment † by reading a broad scope of quality texts ( National Literacy Trust, 2012:4 ) . The NUT ( 2011 ) discusses the benefits of kids being read aloud to in the schoolroom. Surveies have shown that kids who are read to are more likely to make better in school both academically and socially. Alan Gibbon, writer and instructor, knows firsthand the benefits of effectual, reading aloud clip. In his ‘Reading for Pleasure ‘ usher, for the NUT, he states that reading aloud is about making a positive reading experience to prosecute the pupils. Therefore instructors need to pattern their enthusiasm for books and reading them. This can be achieved through executing the voices of the different characters in the books: inquiring inquiries every so frequently to happen out what everyone thinks might go on next to assist construct suspense and to do it more interesting for the hearers and, eventually, halting the narrative at an exciting point. This will do the hearer want to come back and read some more. On arrangement, the instructor demonstrated these accomplishments magnificently and it was apparent that the kids loved being read aloud to. It was clear that the instructor was familiar with the book as there was no stumbling over words and phrases which made it much more gratifying for the hearer. The voices were executed brightly and the kids were kept engaged and ever looked frontward to reading more. Obviously, supplying the kids regular clip to read self-chosen books mutely is besides truly of import. Schraw et Al ( 1998 cited in Clark and Rumbold 2006 ) found that there was a positive relationship between pick and affectional facets of reading, such as motive. Children are much more likely to take a book that looks interesting to them. Research from the United Kingdom Literacy Association ( UKLA ) highlighted the demand for quality clip for independent reading in the schoolroom. In school, it was observed, that the kids normally read mutely when they came into the schoolroom first thing in the forenoon, nevertheless, more clip is possibly needed whereby kids get a set sum of clip to read mutely as it appeared that the sum of kids reading for pleasance was comparatively low. One scheme to be considered is Drop Everything and Read ( DEAR ) ( NUT, 2011 ) . At a set clip of the hebdomad, everyone in the school ( including all staff ) , stops what they are making and read something they enjoy for 20/30 proceedingss. Finally reading publicity programmes need to be implemented that make reading an experience that is actively sought out by pupils ( Clark and Rumbold, 2006 ) . There is besides a demand for schools to recognize that a broad scope of reading stuffs will promote pupils to read. From pattern, it was made cognizant that schools tend to read aloud infusions instead than the whole book. A survey commissioned by the educational publishing house Heinemann, portion of Pearson Education, was the first wide-scale research into the usage of books in literacy instruction in the UK. The research involved over 500 primary learning staff from 500 schools in the state. Amazingly, 12 % of primary school instructors said they had ne'er read a complete book with their category. It appears that this depicts a distressing image of dependance on little infusions, instead than whole books, for literacy. The research besides identified that about two-thirds of instructors felt that reading merely extracts in category could potentially turn kids off reading, at the same clip a farther one in five say they saw grounds of this already go oning. It was besides found that six in 10 instructors believe that reading whole books in their schoolrooms would hold existent academic benefits on their students, both in test public presentation and academic success ( Edinger, 2009 ) . The job that appears to originate here is that if kids are n't acquiring the experience of reading whole books in category, they may ne'er acquire that grasp for them. Reading extracts merely, may besides intend that you are losing out on the best and most critical spots of a book.DecisionTo reason, the research suggests that there has been a little diminution in kids reading for pleasance. It is besides apparent that misss tend to read for enjoyment more so than male childs. However, there are spreads in this country, and more research is required. Male childs who do read are more likely to make so for skills-related grounds, such as, to assist them to acquire a occupation in the hereafter ( Clark and Foster, 2005 ) . It has besides been made evident that there are many benefits to reading for pleasance ; these include reading attainment, positive reading attitudes and greater ego assurance as a reader ( Clark and Rumbold, 2006 ) . There are assorted ways to acquire kids reading for pleasance in the schoolroom. Including the instructor reading aloud to them ; seting on the voices of the different characters and, halting to inquire inquiries associating to the book. Besides, giving the kids the chance to read mutely to themselves and giving them the freedom take their ain book. Finally, there are schemes presently in topographic point to promote kids to non merely read more but to besides read for pleasance. Overall the topic of reading for pleasance has been reasonably good researched. However, there are spreads. One subject that requires more focal point is whether higher attainment leads to more enjoyment of reading or greater enjoyment lead to higher attainment as there is small research in this country. Although the bulk of research workers province that kids who read more and, bask reading are better readers, there is no deduction of its causality. Besides, although there is grounds of research into the country of reading motive, much of it has been conducted in America and therefore it is unknown whether it can be made relevant to the UK. For this ground it would be interesting to carry on work in the UK to see if the findings are the same or if they differ.

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buy custom Critical Opinion of Shakespeare essay Shakespeares work has bee credited for many centuries to modern times. He was described as a genius writer as his work is being used in literature studies. There have been many critics of his work due to his excellence and the way he corrupted words in his writing. There has been works by scholars that critically discuss Shakespeare, his work, and his identity. From the historic to the modern times, Shakespeare has been condemned as much as he is loved and admired. There are many issues relating to Shakespeare, which have continued to interest his audience, and thus a call for the attention of critics. The most controversial issue was the manner in which Shakespeare mixed humor with tragedy. This not only failed to bring out the unity of place and time, but also failed to reach the standards and rules of a classical drama according to critics. The critics also claimed that Shakespeares false wit had corrupted language used in the classic drama. This paper intends to explain the work of Shakespeare in relation to quotations from the different sites to support the discussion about his life of literal work. There are some philosophers that do not agree as Samuel Johnson to the fact his critics were raising. He disagreed that Shakespeare had not adhered to the rules of classical drama. His Critics from the 18th century accused him of having a restraint on artistic work, while others praised him for his unique imagination (Hanon 512). The quotation in this instance by which Richard III tells his troops Remember who you are to cope withal; A sort of vagabonds, rascals and run always; A sacrum of Britains and base lackey peasants; Whom their oercloyed Country vomits forth; To desperate adventures and assured destruction (V.iii 315 319). Many critics noticed and observed that Richer III was full of curses, prophesies, and oaths. The critics argued that when Richard swore as a warrior of his succes, it was only a false oath that had false prophesies and curses. This meant that Richards character was questioned by most critics, although there were other people who defended Richards actions. They suggested that there was enough reason for Richard to act as he did. Critics suggested that the greatest problems with Shakespeare were that people had become too fond of him and could not see beyond the thesis and the characters in the classical play. It was interesting to note that the Richards wickedness did not only withstand against the test of time but also greatly influenced Shakespeare work in many different ways. The history of war was familiar from the historic to the modern times. In that case, some critics had termed Richard as a part of dry history while his defenders termed him as a fascinating part of history who not only joked about his victims, but also joked about himself (Shakespeare 256). In ShakespearesA Midsummer Nights Dream, he made his characters cross to another world of imagination. His focus was mainly on what the fairies did in their daily life, but not how the fairies look like. Puck was one of his favorite characters who helped the other fairies to relax scape the serpents tongue (III, ii, 80 -81). It is in this line, the fairies assured the audience that this was only a pleasant dream by saying, that I have nointed an Athenians eye/ and so far am glad that it so far sort/ as this their jangling I esteem a sport (II, ii 351 -353). Shakespeare uses Pucks character in these lines, to try and help the audience to relax. This is where the critics have insisted that there was very poor character development in the classic play. They have also suggested that the only important character in the play is Puck (Hanon 512). However, other people have defended the play as they sugggested that, though there were few characters in the movie, Shakespeare used Puck to bring out fun-loving humor, magical fancy, evocative language, and wild focus which made the play more interesting and unique. Puck was seen by critics to have been overworked, but loved by others for his subtle but mischievous character. Critics have also accused Shakespeare of character incompetence, while many other people do not mind having one important character as long as the play is interesting, amazing, and humorous. This play has been compared by critics to a follys adventure and an influence on the spirits world. Some critics supposed that the film needed an increase on maturity of the mind in order to become an honored piece of preferred work. Although this was not position held by all critics, other critics suggested that there was no room for maturity in Shakespeares work. However, most people from the historic times to the modern times have loved Shakespeares work and his plays. This has been termed as a combination that is not only extraordinary, but also lucky accidents that blow the audiences breathe away. Shakespeares identity can be read from his work and plays. He was a man who created interesting interventions due to his love of mixing tragedy and humor. Shakespeare also had master skills of predicting and evenly balancing every matter in his work, which related to personal taste. It is obvious that his work was not an act of lucky accident but it took preparation, structure, plot, and mastery to create. The perplexities in his work are a proof of his splendid and harmonious expressions (Harold 522). Analysis of Shakespeare character, identity, and work has been carried through out from the historic time to the present days. He proved to be a creative writer who used imaginations to develop characters that portrayed critical themes. Shakespeare not only affected the literary world through his work, but also left a mark that has and will continue to be remembered in many generations to come. Buy custom Critical Opinion of Shakespeare essay